Center pivot irrigation system

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Sprinkler irrigation system

Sprinkler irrigation, or rainfall-type irrigation, is an irrigation method that applies water to the soil in a sprayed form, similar to natural rainfall. Sprinkler irrigation equipment generally consists of one or more rotating or fixed nozzles that distribute water jets across the area.

It is ideal for irrigating larger areas and enables the irrigation of irregularly shaped land parcels.

 
 

Efficient water distribution

Water is distributed evenly across the area, ensuring adequate water supply for the crops.

Automatable

Sprinkler systems are often automated with timers or sensors, making them easy to control.

Advantages of sprinkler irrigation

  • Efficiency: Water is distributed evenly across the area, ensuring adequate water supply for the crops.
  • Automation capability: Sprinkler systems are often automated with timers or sensors, making them easy to control.
    Fertilizers and crop protection products can be applied through the irrigation system.
  • Flexibility: The sprinkler heads and system programmability allow different types of areas to be irrigated according to specific requirements.
 
 

Disadvantages of sprinkler irrigation

Its disadvantages include high evaporation losses when the system operates at high temperatures or in direct sunlight. For this reason, its use with well water, through groundwater abstraction from soil water or confined aquifers, is only possible if the irrigation system is designed in a special configuration that also meets the technical requirements of micro-irrigation.

 
 
 

Self-propelled center pivot irrigation system

Self-propelled center pivot irrigation systems are manufactured with lateral pipelines of various lengths, ranging from 80 to 700 m, supported by pipe-carrying towers running on wheels or crawler tracks. Center pivot irrigation systems rotate continuously around a central tower and can irrigate areas of up to 400 ha.

The irrigation nozzles are mounted along the lateral pipeline or suspended on smaller drop pipes. Due to the rotating movement, irrigation can be carried out in a 360-degree circle, while additional components, such as corner irrigation elements, can increase the irrigated area. The water supply for center pivot systems is mostly provided from a fixed hydrant installed at the central tower.

 
 

50–400 hectares of covered area

Center pivot irrigation systems are manufactured with lateral pipelines of 80–700 m and can irrigate areas of 50–400 ha.

Fully automatable

They do not require manual labour during operation, and due to their automation capability, they are particularly advantageous on large agricultural fields.

Precisely defined irrigation area

Center pivot nozzles can spray water jets over different distances, making them suitable for irrigating various areas. In center pivot irrigation systems, the spray angle of the water jet can be adjusted, allowing the target irrigation area to be precisely defined. The nozzles are generally adjustable, so the water application rate can also be regulated, enabling irrigation to be adapted to crop water requirements.

GPS-controlled center pivot irrigation systems enable precision irrigation by fine-tuning machine speed, field zones, and sprinkler heads based on soil water availability, crop water demand, and weather data. Center pivot systems require no manual labour during operation and are particularly advantageous on large agricultural fields due to their full automation capability.

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